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Pays de l'Afrique occidentale, la
Mauritanie fait face à l'océan Atlantique sur plus de 600 km.
Traversée par le Tropique du Cancer, sa superficie est de 1 030 700
Km2 et les pays frontaliers sont le Sénégal, le Mali, l'Algérie et le
Maroc. La plus grande partie du territoire appartient au Sahara. Seul
le Sud, au-delà de Nouakchott, est sahélien. |
| Chers touristes, la Mauritanie est une entité fort
ancienne. l'Homme y habitait depuis des temps immémoriaux. Elle fût
même, depuis des siècles, le point de départ pour l'unification du
Maghreb arabe et l'Andalousie espagnole. Actuellement, paisible et
stable, elle joue un rôle plus important encore dans la sous-région.
Les différentes composantes socioculturelles de ses habitants sont
profondément islamisées depuis plus d'un millénaire. L'interaction et
le brassage entre eux ont fait fleurir une civilisation partagée d'une
rare splendeur. Le raffinement intellectuel de cette civilisation
rayonne jusqu'à présent sur toute la région.
Vous serez alors sans doute impressionner par ses manuscrits, sa
poésie, sa musique. Et vous le serez aussi par son architecture son
artisanat et son mode culinaire et vestimentaire.
Prendre la Mauritanie comme choix touristique est très sage de
votre part. Les sites touristiques sont naturels et ne souffrent
d'aucune pollution. L'infrastructure Hôtelière s'est développée depuis
quelques années. Il y a des agences de voyages, une compagnie aérienne
avec un personnel expérimenté et chaleureux.
La Mauritanie vous attend, souriante et généreuse. |
Like all the old cities of Mauritania, Atar was born from the
traditional trade between North (salt of the Sahara), the South
(millet of the Sahel), and the cities of the faith (Chinguetti) and
the knowledge (Ouadane). Less threatened by the attacks of the
plunderers, the caravans chose the trading post of Atar as developed
the trade with Morocco and Senegal. At the beginning of XXth century,
Atar had become the political capital of Adrar.
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1er
quotidien francophone panafricain sur Internet
1er portail développant l'information de 52 pays
1er carrefour Internet des cultures du Sud |
La menace acridienne, qui gronde déjà sur la majeure
partie du pays, vient de toucher la capitale mauritanienne pour la
troisième fois consécutive depuis août dernier. D’envergure encore
mineure, cette entrée des criquets dans Nouakchott n’en demeure pas moins
préoccupante. Sans commune mesure avec la situation sur le plan national,
notamment dans le Sud et le centre la Mauritanie touchés de plein fouet.
Les moyens manquent pour faire obstacle par le biais de traitements
antiacridiens.
Considérant que la liberté, l'égalité et la dignité
de l'homme ne peuvent être assurées que dans une société qui consacre la
primauté du droit, soucieux de créer les conditions durables d'une
évolution sociale harmonieuse, respectueuse des préceptes de l'islam,
seule source de droit et ouverte aux exigences du monde moderne, le peuple
mauritanien proclame, en particulier, la garantie intangible des droits et
principes suivants :
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Le droit à
l'égalité, les libertés et droits fondamentaux de la personne humaine ;
le droit de propriété, les libertés politiques et les libertés
syndicales, les droits économiques et sociaux, les droits attachés à la
famille, cellule de base de la société islamique.
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Conscient de la
nécessité de resserrer les liens avec les peuples frères, le peuple
mauritanien, peuple musulman, arabe et africain, proclame qu'il oeuvrera
à la réalisation de l'unité du Grand Maghreb, de la nation arabe et de
l'Afrique et la consolidation de la paix dans le monde
MAURITANIE
Official Name : Islamic Republic of
Mauritania (Aljumhuriya Al Islamiya Al Muritaniya)
Capital City : Nouakchott
Languages : Arabic (official), French and local dialects
Official Currency : Ouguiya
Religions : Muslim
Population : 2,747,312 (2001 est.)
Land Area : 1,025,520 sq km (395,593 sq miles)
12 regions and 1 capital district : Adrar, Assaba, Brakna, Dakhlet
Nouadhibou, Gorgol, Guidimaka, Hodh Ech Chargui, Hodh El Gharbi, Inchiri,
Nouakchott, Tagant, Tiris Zemmour, Trarza
 .
See also : "La Méduse" Shipwreck
Banc d'Arguin National Park is on the Atlantic
desert-coast of Mauritania, midway between Nouakchott in the south and
Nouadhibou in the north, approximately 150 km south-south-east of
Nouadhibou.
The park extends from Cap Timiris in the south, includes the Ile de Tidra,
Ile d'Arguin and Cap d'Arguin to Pointe Minou in the north.
There is an isolated extension at Cap Blanc. The boundary extends a
maximum of 60 km into the shallow sea and inland by 35 km into the Sahara
desert.
Situated in Nouadhibou and Azefal provinces. 19°21'-21°51'N,
16°00'-16°45'.
The Park was created on June 24th, 1976 by Decree No. 74 176/P/G and
established in 1978.
The wetland area was designated a Wetland of International Importance
under the Ramsar Convention in 1982.
Two outlier satellite reserves, Baie du Lévrier Integral Reserve on Cap
Blanc and Cuevecillas Integral Reserve on the Côte des Phoques, were added
in 1986. The national park decree provides all protective, legal and
administrative mechanisms for the region. It was inscribed on the UNESCO
World Heritage List in 1989.
Area : 1,200,000ha ; 50% marine and 50% terrestrial (the Ramsar
site covers 1,173,000 ha).
Land Tenure : Government
Altitude : 5 m below sea-level to 15 m
Physical Features : The park provides a unique
example of a transition zone between the Sahara Desert and the Atlantic
Ocean. It is a vast area of islands and coastline, largely composed of
windblown sand of Saharan origin, together with a large expanse of
mudflats, with particularly well developed tidal flats in the vicinity of
Tidra Island.
Of the 15 named islands there are several up to 1 km wide and 5 km long,
the largest, Isle of Tidra is 8 km by 35 km.
The coastal waters between Cap Blanc and Cap Timiris are very shallow, and
only reach 5m deep at low tide even up to 60 km offshore . Maximal tidal
range at spring tides is 2 m and at some neap tides is 0.6 m.
The arid inland component mainly comprises areas of sand hills and cliffs
rising to 15 m.
The 3,100 ha mangrove swamp in the park is a relict of a previous humid
geological period when Banc d'Arguin was a vast estuary mouth for rivers
flowing from the Sahara. A marsh of 7,400 ha runs for 37 km along the
eastern shore of the Isle of Tidra and other expanses are found next to
Cap Timirist and either side of the mouth of the bay of Saint-Jean.
Climate : Extrapolations from the weather stations at Nouakchott and
Nouadhibou are difficult due to the large difference in latitude. The area
is of great meteorological interest with a contrast between the coastal, 'desert
cold' and hot continental climates. Strong winds up to 8 m/sec, have been
reported. Rainfall is irregular and very low with an average of 34 mm-40
mm per year. Temperatures are fairly similar all year, with a mean monthly
minimum in December of 8°C and maximum in September of 34°C (Monod, 1977).
Vegetation : The park lies at the junction
between the Afrotropical and Palaearctic biogeographic realms. The
vegetation of the sandy coastline, mudflats and islands is represented by
halophytic species such as Salsola baryosma, Salicornia
senegalensis and Suaeda fruticosa.
The dunes are dominated by Stipagrostis pungens, Cornulaca
monacantha, Euphorbia balsamifera and Calligonum comosum.
The terrestrial component of the park is represented by a Saharan
vegetation with a limited Mediterranean influence. Tree species include
Acacia raddiana, Balanites aegyptiaca, Maerva crassifolia
and Capparis decidua.
Herbaceous species include Panicum turgidum, Cassia italica,
Pergularia tomentosa and Heliotropium bacciferum.
In total there are some 1,400 ha of mangrove swamp Avicennia africana
on emergent mud-banks and a further 1,700 ha in bays on the mainland.
These are the most northerly stands of mangrove on the eastern shore of
the Atlantic and represent relicts from the period when the coastal oueds
carried fresh water from the Sahara.
There are also a few specimens of Conocarpus erectus mangrove.
Shallow water vegetation comprises extensive seagrass beds of Zostera
noltii, Cymodocea nodosa, Halodule wrightii and various
seaweeds, covering a total area of between 600 to 800 sq.km and favourable
habitat for the reproduction and development of fish.
Fauna : Of the estimated seven million wading
birds which use the Atlantic flyway, approximately 30% spends the winter
at Banc d'Arguin, which hosts the largest concentration of wintering
waders in the world and one of the most diversified communities of nesting
piscivorous birds in the world.
At least 108 bird species have been recorded, representing both
Palaearctic and Afrotropical realms.
Wintering shorebirds number over three million and include hundreds of
thousands of black tern Chlidonias nigra and flamingo
Phoenocopterus ruber, ringed plover Charadrius hiaticula,
grey plover Pluvialis squatarola, knot Calidris canutus,
redshank Tringa totanus and bar-tailed godwit Limosa lapponica.
The area is one of the most important wintering grounds for European
spoonbill Platalea leucorodia leucorodia.
Breeding birds include white pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus, reed
cormorant Phalacrocorax africanus, gull-billed tern Gelochelidon
nilotica, Caspian tern Hydroprogne caspian, royal tern
Sterna maxima and common tern Sterna hirundo, together with
several species or subspecies with an African distribution, such as
endemic heron Ardea cinerea monicae and spoonbill Platalea
leucorodia balsaci and western reef heron Egretta gularis.
Mammals include Dorcas gazelle Gazella dorcas, jackal Canis
aureus, fennec fox Fennecus zerda, sand fox Vulpes rueppelli,
sand cat Felis margarita, ratel Mellivora capensis and
striped hyena Hyaena hyaena.
Marine mammals regularly recorded include killer whale Orcinus orca,
Atlantic hump-backed dolphin Sousa teuszii, common dolphin
Delphinus delphis, rough-toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis,
bottle-nosed dolphin Tursiops truncatus, and Risso's dolphin
Grampus griseus. Fin whale or common rorqual Balaenoptera physalus
and common porpoise Phocoena phocoena have also been sighted.
A small population of about 150 monk seal Monachus monachus is
found at Cap Blanc, near Nouadhibou.
Four species of turtle frequent the area : green turtle Chelonia mydas,
loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta, Hawksbill turtle Eretmochelys
imbricata, and leatherback Dermochelys coriacea.
Fish are one of the most important components of the fauna. The shallow
tidal flats act as important breeding and nursery areas.
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SOURCE
| Prendre la
Mauritanie comme choix touristique est très sage de votre part. Les
sites touristiques sont naturels et ne souffrent d'aucune pollution.
L'infrastructure Hôtelière s'est développée depuis quelques années. Il
y a des agences de voyages, une compagnie aérienne avec un personnel
expérimenté et chaleureux |
| Esta sección
está dedicada a fotografías de viajes por países exóticos |
|
O
uadane According to the chronicles, recopied on all manuscripts
by the well-read men who made the reputation of the city, it would
have been founded in Xth-XIIth centuries by Idaw el Hadj, Berbers
which civilized this extreme point of Adrar on the direct road between
Sudan, the Arab world, the salt marshes of Idjil, and the oases of
Touât on the road of Mecca.
Mauritanian in Ouadane. Only the modern city of
Ouadane is inhabited. It is made of quadrangular enclosures with
sizeable stone. One finds there the administrative services and the
libraries. |
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