Siberian Tiger
Endangered. Despite the tiger's amazing ability to
survive, it's hard to find room to roam these days. There are less than
5,000 tigers living in the wild.
CONDOR
The
Tamandua
sticks
to the trees, often sleeping during the day in the forked branches of
trees, high above the rain forest floor. These bear- like creatures
move with ease from limb to limb, anchoring themselves to the tree by
wrapping its long powerful tail around branches so it won't fall.
There are plenty of ants and termites to be found high up in the
trees, and the tamandua knows how to get to them -- sticking his
tongue into the holes. Each time the tamandua pulls his tongue out
from a termite nest, he's got hundreds of delicious termites stuck to
it!
At twilight, the
Jaguarundi sets
out on her hunt. Birds, rodents, rabbits, frogs and fish are all
suitable prey for this small and agile cat. Jaguarundis hunt like
housecats -- first stalking their prey quietly, then pouncing
suddenly. Compared to other small cats like the ocelot and margay,
however, the Jaguarundi
has a compact, more powerful build. These creatures may be little, but
they're some of the toughest predators in the rain forest!
On and of all the battles that exist in the in
the natural world none is more titanic than lions versus elephants. Being a
social animal the African lion is more than a super predator, it's a hyper
predator, and most would probably believe it is the ultimate predator. In the
African plains forest and savannas the African elephant usually lives without
rivals, its far stronger than a rhino or hippo and is up to 40 times bigger than
a lion. However there is so rivalry between these two ultimate enemies and these
videos showcase the lion's as king of the beasts
There have been 379 species
of birds recorded in South Korea. Of these, 62 species are vagrants and Kuroda's
Sheldrake has probably become extinct. Of the other 316 species, 50 are
permanent residents and 266 are migrants. Of the migratory birds, 111 species
visit the country in the winter, 64 in the summer and 90 in the spring and
autumn. One hundred and fourteen species breed in Korea, 50 indigenous species
and 64 species of summer visitors.
There are 18 other species
of birds recorded in North Korea. Of these, five are boreal residents of the
high terrain of Mt. Paektusan (black grouse, hawk owl, lesser-spotted
woodpecker, three-toed woodpecker, and willow tit), and the remaining 13 are
vagrants. There are six orders, 17 families, 48 genera and 78 species of
indigenous mammals in Korea. These include 28 species of Chiroptera, 18 Rodentia,
16 Carnivora, 11 Insectivora, two Lagomorpha, and seven Artiodactyla (even-toed
ungulates). There are 28 endemic subspecies on record as inhabiting the
Peninsula, but this is yet to be verified
Vertebrate • animals that have a backbone –
divided into smaller groups • mammals: have hair and make milk for their young -
dogs/cats • reptiles: have dry, scaly skin - lizards, snakes, turtles •
amphibians: have moist skin and no scales - frogs, toads, and newts – begin life
in water but live on land as adults • birds and fish are other vertebrates –
have sharp senses and large brains
Invertebrate • animals without a backbone –
more types of invertebrates than vertebrates – smaller than vertebrates •
arthropods: legs that have several joints, 2 or more body parts, and shells to
protect them – insects are the largest group of arthropods - bees, beetles »
Insects have 6 legs – Spiders, mites, crabs, and scorpions are not insects »
Have 8 legs
Mollusks: may or may not have hard outer shell
- snails, clams, and squids • Worms: no shells, legs, or
eyes - earthworms, tapeworms, and flatworm • All animals have skeletons and
muscles that work together – Vertebrates are made up of bones that support their
bodies inside and muscles attach to the bones at moveable joints –
Nonvertebrate’s skeleton’s form hard outer coverings and muscles attach on
inside of coverings at flexible joints
The giant panda is a kind of bear. It is also
like a raccoon in some ways. • Pandas live in China. • Giant pandas have very
good eyesight. • Panda’s are black and white. • Panda’s eyes look like cat’s
eyes. • 99% or almost all of the food that panda’s eat is white bamboo. • Pandas
can be very big up to six feet tall and 350 pounds. • Lady pandas are sows. Man
pandas are boars and babies are cubs. • Cubs cry when they are hungry and are
usually mostly pink when they are born. • There are not many pandas left in the
wild. This is called being endangered. If people are not careful pandas could be
come extinct or all gone
South Chinese Tiger • The South Chinese Tiger
lives in the forests of South China. • It is one of the top ten most endangered
species of animals • It eats meat, which is called being a carnivore • It is 6-8
feet long and about 300-330 pounds • Tigers like to swim
Yak • Yaks live in the hills
and mountains of China and nearby Tibet • Male yaks are up to 2,200 pounds and 6
and a half feet tall, females are smaller • They eat grass, herbs, and lichens
and chew on snow or ice for water • They live in herds of up to 100
Yangtze River Dolphin •The
Yangtze is a river in China •The Chinese River
Dolphin is also called the Baiji •The Baiji is the only freshwater dolphin in
the world •It lives only in the Yangtze River •Scientist thought that the Baiji
was extinct, but one more was discovered •The Chinese call it “The Princess of
the Yangtze
Chinese Golden Pheasant • The
Chinese Golden Pheasant lives in China, but Americans, like George Washington
have kept Golden Pheasants • The pheasant lives on mountainous slopes, ledges,
and rocky hills, often impenetrably covered with dense scrub bamboo, bushes, and
woods. • The Chinese have recognized golden pheasants for centuries in art,
literature and mythology
Elephant Elephants are mammals, and the largest
land animals alive today. The elephant's gestation period is 22 months, the
longest of any land animal. At birth it is common for an elephant calf to weigh
120 kilograms (265 lb). An elephant may live as long as 70 years, sometimes
longer. The largest elephant ever recorded was shot in Angola in 1956. This male
weighed about 12,000 kg (26,400 lb), with a shoulder height of 4.2 m (13.8 ft),
a metre (3 ft 4 in) taller than the average male African elephant.
Lion The lion (Panthera leo) is
a mammal of the family Felidae and one of four "big cats" in the genus Panthera.
The lion is the second largest feline species, after the tiger. The male lion,
easily recognized by his mane, weighs between 150– 250 kg (330–500 lb). Females
range 120–150 kg (260–330 lb). In the wild, lions live for around 10–14 years,
while in captivity they can live over 20 years. Though they were once found
throughout much of Africa, Asia and Europe, lions currently exist in the wild
only in Africa and India. They enjoy hot climates, and hunt in groups
Tiger Tigers are the
heaviest cats found in the wild. Although different subspecies of tiger have
different characteristics, in general male tigers weigh between 200 and
320 kilograms (440 and 700 lb) and females between 120 and 181 kg (265 and
400 lb). On average, males are between 2.6 and 3.3 metres (8 ft 6 in to 10 ft
8 in) in total length, and females are from nose to tip of tail between 2.3 and
2.75 metres (7 ft 6 in and 9 ft) in length. Of the living subspecies, Sumatran
tigers are the smallest, and Amur (or Siberian) tigers are the
largest
White Tiger White tigers are individual
specimens of the ordinary orange tiger (Panthera tigris), with a genetic
condition that causes paler colouration of the normally orange fur (they still
have black stripes). The condition is well- documented in the Bengal tiger
subspecies (Panthera tigris tigris or P. t. bengalensis), may also have occurred
in captive Siberian tigers (Panthera tigris altaica), and has been reported
historically in several other subspecies
Leopard This spotted cat most
closely resembles the jaguar physically, although it is of lighter build. Males
can grow to weigh 91 kg (200 lbs) and the females can weigh 60 kg (132 lbs).
Largely nocturnal and arboreal predators, they are opportunistic and versatile
hunters
Jaguar The jaguar is a compact
and well-muscled animal. There are significant variations in size: weights are
normally in the range of 56–96 kilograms (124–211 lb). Larger animals have been
recorded as weighing 131–151 kilograms (288–333 lb) (matching the weight of the
smallests lions and tiger females), and smaller ones have extremely low weights
of 36 kilograms (80 lb). Females are typically 10–20% smaller than males. The
length of the cat varies from 1.62–1.83 meters (5.3–6 feet), and its tail may
add a further 75 centimeters (30 in). It stands about 67–76 centimeters (27–30
in) tall at the shoulders
Camel They are native to the
dry and desert areas of western Asia and East Africa, and central and east Asia,
respectively. The average life expectancy of a camel is 50 to 60 years. A
fully-grown adult camel stands 1.85m/6 feet at the shoulder and 2.15m/7 feet at
the hump. The hump rises about 30 inches out of its body. Camels can run up to
40mph in short bursts, and sustain speeds of up to 25mph
Adansonia digitata – originária do continente africano, é símbolo do
Senegal, onde é considerada sagrada
Mauritia flexuosa – esta palmeira, escolhida como símbolo, desde a
construção de Brasília
The
Australian Fauna website was created in February, 2004. It is
our goal and aim to provide genuine quality information about
ALL types of Australian Fauna. We are very open to suggestions,
and appreciate input from the online community. The website does
run Google Adsense advertising, we try hard to make the
advertising non-invasive. The advertising funds this website,
and allows it to grow. Australianfauna.com also donates part of
this revenue to WWF Australia
Snow Leopard
Adapted for the
extreme weather conditions of freezing snowy peaks
and rocky terrain, these rare creatures hunt alone high in the
mountains for ibex, wild mountain sheep, musk deer, small goats and often
tinier mammals during the warmer daytime hours. Unlike most big cats, the
snow leopard doesn't roar, and feeds crouched
over her dinner, like small cats do. Snow leopard young are born up to
four at a time in a warm den lined with mama leopard's fur.
Status:
Endangered
Australia has
over 1,500 species of native bees in an amazing variety of
colours. Visit the Aussie Bee website to learn about the native
bees in your garden such as the stingless honeybees, teddy bear
bees and blue banded bees. Native bee information booklets, a
field guide and a free online magazine are also available at
this site. These unique resources are produced by the Australian
Native Bee Research Centre
Ocelot
Only about twice
as long as a housecat, the ocelot is an
amazing climber, spending most of its time high in the trees. When it
comes time to hunt, though, the ocelot sticks to the ground in the
dark of night, and chases its dinner down with speed and agility.
Excellent hearing and vision help the ocelot to catch its prey of
small mammals, lizards, snakes, and birds. Your cat at home is a lot
like these amazing spotted creatures, except ocelots love to swim!
The primary
objective of the Fauna Foundation is to create a protected
environment for neglected, abused farm and domestic animals
and former biomedical research chimpanzees. It also aims to
foster through education a better understanding of these
creatures.
World Animal Net is the world's largest network of animal protection
societies with consultative status at the UN. Working to improve the status and welfare of animals with over 2,500
affiliates in more than 100 countries.
Humanity's true moral test, its fundamental test, consists of
its attitude toward those who are at its mercy: animals. And in
this respect, human kind has suffered a fundamental debacle, a
debacle so fundamental that all others stem from it."
Bienvenue
à la Fondation Fauna. Nous sommes un organisme à but non
lucratif voué à la protection et à la promotion de la flore et
de la faune du Québec. Nous offrons aussi un gîte et une vie
meilleure à de nombreuses espèces qui sont négligées, victimes
de mauvais traitements ou rejetées par les humains qui les
utilisent. Aidez-nous à améliorer le sort de ces espèces et, du
même coup, le monde dans lequell nous vivons
This tiger is found in
Korea, northeastern China and isolated regions of the Soviet Far East. This
species was once scattered widely in Korea, from Mt. Paektusan in the North to
Chollanam-do province in the South. Many of these tigers were captured in all
parts of Korea prior to World War II, including five tigers at Musan,
Hamgyongbuk-do province in 1935; one female and one male at Kosan, Hamgyongnam-do
province in 1924 - 29; one tiger at the Pulgapsa Temple in Chollanam-do province
in 1911; one male on Mt. Karisan, Kangwon-do province in 1918; one male at
Kyongju, Kyongsangbuk-do province in 1922, and one at Pukchin, P'yonganbuk-do
province in 1930. There is no record showing the capture of a tiger after 1922
in South Korea, where the species probably is extinct. It is believed that any
surviving Korean tigers make the rugged terrain of Mt. Paektusan, North Korea,
their habitat.
Animals make much the same sounds
around the world, but each language expresses them differently.
English and French cows sound the same, but not in English and French!
Explore the sounds of the world's languages through the sounds of the
world's animals
Flora e
Fauna é um veículo de comunicação e divulgação, voltado aos
temas ligados ao Meio Ambiente. Tem por finalidade ampliar conhecimentos, visando
consciência e responsabilidade ambiental
The beautiful and varied
vegetation and wildlife of the Dominican Republic will provide
the perfect backdrop for your visit, whether it is to lie on the
beach, or to take part in the various adventure activities that
exist. For some visitors the nature will be the primary
attraction to visit the Dominican Republic, while for others it
will be an added delight to the warm tropical air and beautiful
beaches.
Armadillos are Tropical American mammals
known for their bony armour shell which is their way to defend
themselves by rolling themselves into a protective ball. Outside
reproduction, Armadillos are quite solitary feeding from insects or
worms that they find by digging the floor.
It is interesting to notice that some
species like the 9-banded armadillo have a peculiar reproduction system:
females give birth only to absolutely identical quadruplets (polyembryony,
several embryos from
Golden pheasants are Chinese born
gallinaceous birds belonging to the Grey partridge and peafowl family.
Their feathers are golden and red for males and brown for females. They
live in pinophyta forests where they feed from grains, leaves, and
insects. They can fly but prefer running
Macaws
are bright coloured parrots (red, green, yellow) living in tropical
forests of Mexico and South America. They can live as long as 50 years
and are monogamous. Most of macaws’ s
LINKS
http://www.netrox.net/~labush/animals.htm
References Biology: Zoology Excellent
Many Links Zoos Information Behavior. Marine Life Plants Animals.
Monterey Bay Aquarium Posters Printable & Activities
Slide 1: Marvels & Mysteries of Our Animal World By An Admirer Of Nature
Slide 2: Who
am I ? Dedicated To Father Of Zoology • He lived in the 4th century BC •
Alexander,the great,provided 1000 workers for the study of animals • Treatises
by him: History, Parts, Movements, Locomotion and Reproduction Of Animals
Slide 3: ? •
Recorded the feeding habits of Angler-fishes • First to make dissection of
animals • Studied 540 kinds of animals- a task without microscopes and reference
books
Slide 4: ARISTOTLE “Father Of Zoology”
Slide 5: BC
384 History, Parts, Movements, ARISTOTLE: BC 322 Locomotion & Reproduction Of
Animals AD 1193 ALBERTUS MAGNUS: Aristotle’s AD 1280 work enlarged AD 1628 JOHN
RAY : Published “ORNITHOLOGY” and “HISTORY OF FISHES” AD 1705 AD 1744 LAMARCK:
Introduced the term “BIOLOGY” AD 1829 Invertebrate classes first introduced AD
1825 HUXLEY: Introduced the term AD 1895 “BIOGENESIS” AD 1823 AD 1809 DARWIN &
RUSSEL WALLACE “ORIGIN OF SPECIES” AD 1913 AD 1882
Slide 6: History Of Classification Of Life ARISTOTLE Red Blood:
Mammals,Birds,Reptiles,Fish Colourless Blood: Squids,Shellfish 384 Crayfish,and
Insects. 322 BC THEOPHRASTUS Followed Aristotle 372 – 287 BC ROMAN PLINY
“NATURAL HISTORY” THE ELDER 23 – 79 AD LINNAEUS Binomial Nomenclature – 1707
“SYSTEMA NATURAE” 10TH Edition (1758) 1778 Animals into 6 Classes: Quadrupeds,
Birds, Reptiles, Fishes, Insects & Worms
Slide 7: BUFFON “HISTOIRE NATURELLE” 1707 - 1788 First Treatise On Animal Geography in
1777 “PHILOSOPHIE ZOOLOGIQUE” LAMARCK On Evolution in 1809 1744 - 1829 MENDEL
Heredity Principle 1822 - 1884 PL SCLATER Geographical Distribution Of Animals
in 1857. 1829-1913
Slide 8: CHARLES Origin of Species By Means Of DARVIN Natural Selection in 1859 1809 -
1882 RUSSEL Geographical Distribution WALLACE Of Animals 1823 - 1913
International Congress On Zoology 1898 organized a commission for naming animals
Edition of International Code Of 1958 Zoological Nomenclature ….. 1981
Extensively revised
Slide 9: Zoology Development Chronologically ARISTOTLE Rough classification of animals
384 – 322 BC HARVEY Blood Circulation 1578 – 1657 A D MALPIGHI Anatomical
discoveries 1628-1694 with microscope JOHN RAY Gave the word “Species” a
1628-1694 practical limitation
Slide 10: LINNAEUS Binomial system of 1707-1778 Nomenclature LAMARCK Theory of evolution
1744-1829 Lamarckism CUVIER Comparative anatomy 1769-1832 and Paleontology
SCHWANN Discovery of animal cell 1810-1882 Foundation of Embryology and
Physiology
Slide 11: DARWIN Theory of Evolution 1809-1882 Origin of species by means of natural
selection WALLACE Supported the theory 1823-1913 of Evolution HUXLEY Supported
the theory 1825-1895 of Evolution MENDEL Heredity Principle 1822-1884
Slide 12:
Aristotle presenting his text to Alexander Darwin in his
translation of Aristotle’s Parts of Animals remarked “I have a high notion of
Aristotle’s merits. Linnaeus and Cuvier have been my two Gods, though in very
different ways, but they were mere schoolboys to old Aristotle”
Slide 13:
Anglerfishes seem to eat anything that is available Encyclopedia
of the Animal World (Bay books, Sydney, 1972), volume 1, page 68: “It is
interesting to note that Aristotle who well merits the title of Father of
Zoology recorded this curious feeding habit over 2000 years ago”
Slide 14: ZOOLOGY MANSION BY GREAT MASTERS L I L N A D M N M HUXLEY A E A SCHWANN A R
WALLACE N E R W D U C CUVIER I E S HARVEY K N JOHN RAY L ARISTOTLE
Slide 15: ANIMALS FAR IN THE SKY Stars linked together to form shapes. Constellations
named after animals, Gods and heroes. (Fig: GC Eimmart)
Slide 16: (Escher mosaic) 2 Million different kinds of animals Zoology now enables animals
to be not only studied but appreciated, and often loved, with a sense of wonder
and delight
Slide 17: TAXONOMY Recognition, description, nomenclature and classification of living
organisms. Linnaen System: Seven Groups KINGDOM : ANIMALIA PHYLUM : CHORDATA
CLASS : MAMMALIA ORDER : CARNIVORA FAMILY : FELIDAE GENUS : FELIS SPECIES :
TIGRIS
Slide 18: KINGDOM - ANIMALIA PHYLUM - CHORDATA SUB PHYLUM - VERTEBRATA SUPER CLASS -
TETRAPODA CLASS - MAMMALIA SUB CLASS - THERIA INTER CLASS - EUTHERIA ORDER -
PRIMATA SUB ORDER - ANTHROPOIDEA SUPER FAMILY - HOMINOIDEA FAMILY - HOMINIDAE
SUB FAMILY - HOMINIDAE GENUS – HOMO; SPECIES - SAPIENS
Slide 19: BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE Naming with two names as Homo sapiens Linnaes insisted
Latinized taxonomic names He changed his name from karl von Linne Latin was used
by all scholars then Being a dead language meaning is permanent Command housecat
is Felis domestica A student forgot, and with presence of mind, wrote in the
answer sheet, a descriptive one, as Felis pussicatius (He has understood the
principle!)
Slide 20: Master of Macabre - Scorpion Marvels of Disguise - Peppered moth Leaf & Stick
insects Praying Mantis Water Walker - Pond skater Maker of Fireworks -
Bombardier beetle Weight Lift Champion - Scarab beetle Insect Light Makers -
Click beetle Glow worms Wizards of Light - Luminous shrimp Dragon & Angler fish
Slide 21: Epic Home Return - Salmon Producers of Shock - Electric Eel Costume Changers -
Chameleon, Octopus Sea horse The King of Ocean Air - Albatross Miracle in the
Air - Humming bird Migration Mysteries Prince of Night Air - Bat
Slide 22: MASTER OF THE MACABRE SCORPION (800species 0.5-11”) FAMILY BUTHIDAE ORDER
SCORPIONIDA CLASS ARACHNIDA PHYLUM ARTHROPODA Buthus occitanus , FAT TAIL
SCORPION, N.Africa Light yellow, 3” long – World most dangerous Poison
neurotoxin – Affects nervous system - Convulsions, Paralysis & stops Breathing
Fat tail kills human in seven hours, a dog in seven minutes and a mouse in few
second.
Slide 23: COURTSHIP DANCE Cannibal like scorpions prey upon one another Mating runs the
risk of not as a mate but a meal Mating demands rituals of courtship Male
approaches female with great care Pincers are grabbed, thus with her weapon
Slide 24: MERRY RIDING Baby scorpions live on mother’s back for two weeks Afterwards very
aggressive, attack and eat each other Enemies: birds, mantis, toads, lizards,
snakes, foxes, mongooses,bats, rodents and monkeys. Life term is 4 years.
Withstand extreme temperature and even atomic radiation. Without water for 3
months and without food for nearly a year
Slide 25: Major orders of insects Number of species Orthoptera (grasshoppers) 20,000
Hemiptera (true bugs) 1,00,000 Coleoptera (beetles) 3,70,000 Diptera (true
flies) 1,00,000 Lepidoptera (butterflies & moths) 1,50,000 Hymenoptera (ants,
bees &wasps) 1,20,000 Total 8,60,000 Total number of species more than10,00,000
Slide 26: MARVELS OF DISGUISE– PEPPERED MOTH PHYLUM: ARTHROPODA CLASS : INSECTA ORDER :
LEPIDOPTERA FAMILY : GEOMETRIDAE Biston betularia The mutant, darker peppered
moth is better camouflaged against trees darkened by pollution. In 1953, Bernard
Kettlewell proposed “Bird Predation Theory” (BPT), and explained industrial
melanism in the peppered moth. This is primarily a natural selection in the form
of
Slide 27: LEAF INSECT ORDER : PHASMIDA FAMILY: PHASMIDAE Phyllium bioculatum Up to 80 mm
long. The whole insect looks just like a leaf. Lives on vegetation and well
camouflaged against the leaves on which it feeds. Distribution: Indonesia. Leaf
& Stick insects are pure vegetarians Put themselves into positions just like
those real leaves and twigs
Slide 28: STICK INSECT- 3000 species Long and Slender Asian species over 30 cm Brown stick
insect paler by day, darker by night Many species of stick insects reproduce
without mating. Female lays fertile eggs from which emerge female babies. This
type of virgin birth is called Parthenogenesis. So no males ever found in some
species The walking stick has the unusual ability of partial regeneration. If a
leg is lost or damaged it will grow back after several successive molts
Slide 29: PRAYING MANTIS 2000 Species ORDER: DICTYOPTERA Carnivorous insect uses disguise
for its protection and also to hide from its prey Its large eyes can spot a
victim at a distance Waits patiently for the opportunity to seize some
unsuspecting beetle or butterfly with
Slide 30: Mantis religiosa The head is removed for the mating to take effect properly. It
causes the body to ejaculate faster. Photographs by Catherine Chalmers In her
book “Food Chain”
Slide 31: POND SKATER Gerris remigis FAMILY :Gerridae ORDER: Hemiptera Pond skaters walk
gracefully over the surface of ponds, lakes and rivers
Slide 32: SURFACE TENSION The surface tension of water at 20 C is 0.07 mN/ mm ( milli N /
milli meter) A large pond skater’s mass is 0.02 gm or 0.00002 Kgm Force exerted
is = mass x gravitational acceleration ( 10 meter/square sec) = 0.00002 into 10
= 0.0002 Newton = 0.20 milli Newton Contact surface of of its feet is (say) 20
mm , this is 20 mN per 20 mm or 0.01 mN /mm This is only one seventh of the
force that the surface tension can withstand, so the pond skater easily avoids
the danger of breaking through the surface film
Slide 33: The
deformation of the water caused by the clip's weight can be seen. This bending
of light is similar to the bending of light by strong gravitational fields, as
predicted by Einstein's theories. Surface tension is due to an attraction
between the molecules in water, which cause its surface to act in an elastic
manner.
Slide 34: MAKER OF FIRE WORKS Bombardier Beetle Brachinus explodens FAMILY CARABIDAE ORDER
COLEOPTERA A living cannon fires explosives for defense against ants and other
ground beetles Chinese invented gun powder. Roger Bacon in 13th century did
experiments with gun powder in England. But these beetles had been firing over
Slide 35: Two
chemicals hydroquinones and hydrogen peroxide are produced in glands and stored
in a large reservoir When threatened the chemicals are pushed to a reaction
chamber which secretes peroxidases and catalases (enzymes) that break down the
hydrogen peroxide, and catalyse the oxidation of the hydroquinones into p-benzoquinones
compounds that are well known for their irritant properties.
Slide 36: WEIGHT LIFT CHAMPION Scarab Beetle FAMILY SCARABAEIDAE ORDER COLEOPTER Beetle
has more than 30,000 species Dung beetles, chafers, Japanese beetles, Dor
beetles etc. For breeding some scarabs come together in pairs, mould a ball of
dung, and roll this to a selected site. The female working underground moulds it
into a mass. On this one egg will be laid
Slide 37: Scarab, Symbol Egyptian Amulets of resurrection heiroglyphs The dung beetle with
the sun god “Khepri” Mummy Priestess Nesykhonsu, standing to the left of sun god
Priest at right with offerings
Slide 38: 850
50 0.67 Rhinoceros beetles capable of lifting 850 times their own weight. Stag
beetles are able to drag an object 120 times their own weight, ants can carry 50
times their weight, and honeybees fly along with pollen loads up to 24 times
their weight. Man can lift two thirds of his weight.
Slide 39: INSECT LIGHT MAKERS CLICK BEETLE GENUS PYROPHORUS FAMILY ELATERIDAE
Slide 40: Click beetle Pyrophorus noctilucus 4 cm long, Belize (Central America) surface
brightness is 1/4 candle Click Beetles are called this way because of their
ability to propel themselves into the air with a clicking sound. A spine between
two grooves on their underside allows them to "snap' themselves as high as 6
inches if they somehow find themselves on their backs, eventually getting them
back onto their
Slide 41: GLOW WORMS ( female & larva glow) Lampyris noctiluca Lampyris splendidula
Luciferin is oxydised to produce oxyluciferin, with the enzyme luciferase acting
as a catalyst in the reaction “Twenty glow-worms shall our lanterns be To guide
our measure round about the tree” (Shakespeare, The Merry Wives of Windsor)
Slide 42: Water particles interact with light by absorbing certain wave lengths. First the
reds and oranges disappear, later the yellows, greens and purples and last the
blue.
Slide 43: Photocorynus spiniceps The female may have as many as six males attached. The
male is taken care of the rest of his life. Female Ceratias holboelki weighed
half a million times as its male.
Slide 44: EPIC HOME RETURN SALMON FAMILY SALMONIDAE ORDER SALMONIFORMES CLASS PISCES
PHYLUM CHORDATA
Slide 45: Stages in the Life Cycle of a salmon (Salmo salar) Eggs: Clear & translucent
Alevins: Eggs hatch into alevins and feed off yolk sac Fry: Young fish in its
first year Parr : Juvenile salmon in 2nd or 3rd year in freshwater Smolts: Young
one leaving fresh water for first visit to sea Grilse: Young salmon that has
spent 1 winter at sea before returning to the river MSW (Salmon): Multi Sea
Winters fish (at sea more than one year) Kelts: Salmon that have spawned Spring
Salmon: Salmon that have spent at least 2 years at sea and return to freshwater
from Jan to May to spawn the next autumn.
Slide 46: Pacific species - Chinook Salmon (Onchorhynchus tschawytscha) (45 kg) A large
salmon can make leap of 10 feet FRESH WATER SEA WATER Alevin Fry Smolts Feed &
Grow ONWARD (1- 6 Years) Birth & 3- 8 Years Kelts Grilse Spawning RETURN
Slide 47: Up
to 50 miles a day, salmon reach their birth place covering hundreds or even
thousands of miles to find its birth place Using Stars, Moon, Sun, or Earth
Magnetic Field However once they reach the mouth of the river, they can find the
actual headstream where they were born by smell Female digs shallow trench,
deposits her eggs Male fertilizes the eggs and female covers them with gravel.
Male dies soon . Female guards the
Slide 48: SALMON MIGRATION
Slide 49: Wells Dam is the first dam that over two million smolts must pass during annual
out-migrations through the Columbia River to the Pacific Ocean The smolt bypass
system at Wells Dam is based on spill intake baffles Diverting smolts from
turbines will increase smolt survival rates
Slide 50: PRODUCERS OF SHOCKS ELECTRIC EEL (Electrophorus electricus) ORDER ANGUILLIFORMES
CLASS PISCES PHYLUM CHORDATA Sea water Fresh water Migration (reverse of salmon)
The Electric eel is actually a fish that can reach 9 feet (2.7 m) in length and
weigh more than 50 pounds (23 kg). The electricity comes from nerve ending cells
in the tail that can produce from 600-1,000 volts at one time. Electric eels
have 200-250 "electric" cells per centimeter. They are native to South American
rivers.
Slide 51: ELECTRIC CAT FISH Malapterurus electricus FAMILY MALAPTERURIDAE ORDER
SILURIFORMES CLASS ACTINOPTERYGII Native of river Nile The electric organ, which
is evolved from its pectoral muscle, surrounds the body over most of the length
of the fish and is capable of discharging up to 350 V
Slide 52: COSTUME CHANGERS CHAMELEON Panther Chameleon Chamaeleo pardalis Family
Chamaeleonidae Order Squamata Class Reptilia Phylum Chordata
Slide 53: Panther is native to the African island Madagascar Tongue, twice the length of
the body , ends in a muscular sticky tip. Snatches the prey in 1/16 of a second
Skin contains cells of granules of colour pigment Changes colour with
surroundings, the nervous system and animal’s temperature. Each eye can move
separately (2 things at a time)
Slide 54: Octopus bimaculoides Family Octopodidae Order Octopoda Subclass Dibranchia Class
Cephalopoda Phylum Mollusca OCTOPUS Over 100 different species The Giant Octopus
is 23 ft from arm tip to arm tip weighing up to 182 kg The smallest is 3/8 inch
Slide 55: Octopus, squids & Cuttlefish change colour Skin contains unique little sacs
containing colour pigments. After death skin cells remain alive for few hours.
Thus sensitive to light, even a dead octopus can performs visual magic
Slide 56: SEAHORSE Hippocampus kuda ( Fig. 1& 2) Family Syngnathidae Order Syngnathiformes
Class Pisces Phylum Chordata
Slide 57: Australian Sea-dragon Fleshy leaf-like appendages look like seaweed
Slide 58: The
female seahorse deposits up to 200 eggs into a brood pouch on the male, where
they are fertilized. In the male's brood, the seahorse eggs hatch and develop
into baby seahorses. After almost two to six weeks of being "pregnant," the male
"gives birth" to the baby seahorses. Labor can take up to three hours! Same
thing for sea-dragon.
Slide 59: Common name: White's Seahorse Scientific name: Hippocampus whitei hippo - horse
(Greek) campos - sea animal (Greek) whitei - after John White Family name:
Syngnathidae syn - together, with (Greek) gnathos - jaw (Greek) idae - suffix
meaning that this a family name Only found in Australia
Slide 60: THE
KING OF OCEAN AIR ALBATROSS Diomedea exulans Family Diomedeidae Order
Procellariiformes Class Aves Phylum Chordata
Slide 61: Albatrosses travel over open sea for months at a time covering thousands of
miles. They can drink salt water without harm. These birds in fact spend most of
their lives at sea coming to land only to breed The wandering albatross Diomedea
exulans has the broadest wing span of any living bird up to 11.5 feet. A
wandering albatross known to be still feeding its chick, was seen 2640 miles
from its nest. Such a distance is not far for an albatross
Slide 62: Albatross require a relatively high air speed to function effectively. Therefore
these birds are found in the southern oceans where the air flow is continuous.
Designed to glide effortlessly for days at a time
Slide 63: MIRACLE IN THE AIR Hummingbird Family: Trochilidae Order: Trochiliformes Class:
Aves Phylum: Chordata There are around 330 species All in America & Caribbean
They feed on nectar Ruby-throated Hummingbird 3 gm & 3”Archilochus colubris
Slide 64: Bee
Hummingbird (Mellisuga helenae) of Cuba is the smallest bird in the world,
weighing 1.8 gm, one inch long and its egg weighs 0.5 gm. 3300 times lighter
than heaviest egg produced by Ostrich. Giant Hummingbird (Patagona gigas) of
Andes is 8” long of in which half is its tail
Slide 65: Red-booted Racket-tail humming Spathura rufocaligata The hummingbird can stand
still in the air (hover), fly forward and backward and fly upside down The wing
can actually twist at wrist joint and can be moved through the air in a “figure
of eight” pattern. This give the hummingbird its helicopter- like
maneuverability.
Slide 66: The
wing of a small hummingbird beats 70 beats per second. For giant it is 8-10
beats per sec. Albatross can glide for many hours without flapping its wings
once. For honeybee it is 250 beats/sec. Midge flaps its minute wings 1000 times
per second.
Slide 67: MIGRATION (Tundra Swans) HIBERNATION (Marmot, Rodent) Food, water, protective
cover, and a sheltered place to nest and breed are basic to survival. Changing
seasons can transform a comfortable environment into an unlivable one -- the
food and water supply can dwindle, plant cover can vanish, and competition with
other animals can increase. Migration is mass movement V- formation to reduce
the stress of flight HIBERNATION is deep sleep for many months
Slide 69: AMERICAN GOLDEN PLOVER (Pluvialis dominica) Non-stop flight of about 4000 km in
48 hours
Slide 70: ARCTIC TERN (Sterna paradisaea) Champion of long distance migration Arctic to
its winter home Antarctic, 17,700 km in 90 days. Thus travel every year
Slide 71: GRAY WHALE WHITE STORK CRANE The position of the sun, moon, stars, the earth
temperature, atmospheric pressure, and earth magnetic field have all been
Slide 72: Monarch Butterfly Danaus plexippus Family: Danaidae Order: Lepidoptera Class:
Insecta Eastern Canada to Mexico is 1600 Km Average speed is 17.5 Km/ hour
Height from ground is 5 Meter Average daily distance covered is 120 Km
Slide 73: Complete Metamorphosis Hormones circulating within the body trigger the changes
that occur during metamorphosis A month to go through the stages from egg to
adult The adults live another two to six weeks in the summer Monarchs that
migrate live all winter, or about six to nine months
Slide 74: Many hundreds of thousands of Monarch Butterflies fly 2,500 miles in an arduous
one month journey to arrive in Pacific Grove each fall with a great purpose.
But, first they must rest before they begin the regeneration of their amazing
five generation annual life cycle. In March when milkweed appears, the Monarchs
begin a marvelous ritual, the crowning achievement of their great journey
Slide 75: Eventually, they fly off in separate directions, and the male dies because he
expended so much energy in the mating The female flutters out to place her 400+
eggs on milkweed bushes all the way over in California's San Joaquin Valley. She
will lay them one at a time, on the underside of a leaf. After she has laid all
her eggs, she dies Four days after tiny caterpillar emerges
Slide 76: The
caterpillar eats its shell and the leaf it was attached to. The milkweed leaf is
poisonous to the Monarch's predators, so the newborn can develop without being
eaten by a bird. After two weeks the caterpillar crawls up on a stem, or, a
branch, and using its last two back legs, hangs upside down and becomes a
butterfly chrysalis. When the new Monarch has formed, and splits the cocoon, it
must remain still for two hours so its wings dry, and the veins harden.
Slide 77: Then strong enough to fly, it goes north to repeat the mating cycle. Four short
(one-month) generations of Monarchs fly north (like a relay race) until the
fourth generation reaches the last milkweed of autumn in Canada. The fifth
generation, the long-living (8 month) butterfly is born in Canada in late
summer, and immediately migrates south to sanctuaries in California.
Slide 78: Milkweed family
Slide 79: A
generation of Monarch butterflies hatched in Canada is able to find its way to
winter roots in Mexico, used by their grandparents and ancestors before them.
The information is stored in their genes!
Slide 80: Pacific grove in California is proud of monarch and the whole town is sanctuary
for them “It is the duty of every citizen to protect the butterflies” is the
town ordinance. Street signs are everywhere. “School children parade” is on a
Saturday morning in early October every year
Slide 81: PRINCE OF NIGHT AIR BAT Nyctophilus geoffroyi Family : Vespertilonidae Order :
Chiroptera Class : Mammalia Bat, only mammal that can fly There are nearly 1000
living bat species Nearly all bats are nocturnal (active at night) or
crepuscular (active during the twilight of dawn and dusk)
Slide 82: Echolocation is a high pitched sound produced in the bat's larynx. The sound
frequencies range from 11 kHz to 160 kHz. When these pulses strike an object, an
echo of the sound returns and is collected by the bat's forward-facing ears. The
echoes enable bats to judge the shape, texture and distance of any object such
as a tree, building or insects. As the bat gets closer to its prey the frequency
increases.
Slide 84: We
are part of the natural world and are dependent on it. The natural world, since
we have become the most powerful of all creatures, is now dependent upon us.
Those who concern themselves solely with man and his works are cut off from the
animal world of marvels and mysteries
The Condor
The condor is very much in danger of
disappearing from Ecuador with no more than 100 birds are believed to
be still living in the country. To the north, in Colombia and Venezuela, this grand vulture is
already on the verge of extinction. Only to the south in Peru, Bolivia and
Chile are their numbers still sufficient but even there it is under great
pressure as more and more of its habitat is destroyed. This grand bird is
also hunted by sportsmen for trophy and by rural people for its meat and
plumage and also for rewards put out by rich ranchers, who pay for unfound
fear of losing their precious cattle. Lots of damage to the population is
also done by poisoning of carcasses, which are put out to be fed on by
them.
HABITAT:
Andean Condors prefer open grasslands and alpine areas in
high mountain regions of western South America. These condors will go
to lowland deserts and coastlines to forage, but will rarely visit
forested areas
REPRODUCTION:
These condors nest in caves or on ledges on a cliff
face. They lay a single egg that is incubated for about 59 days. The
young birds learn to fly around 6 months of age, but stay with the
parents for several more months. Condors may only breed every other
year because of the extended breeding season. Young birds become
sexually mature at 6 or more years of age.
NAME DERIVATION:
The scientific name comes from the Latin words vultur and vello, meaning to pluck or tear and refers to
its feeding habits and gryphus means a griffon and refers to
the hooked bill. The common name refers to the bird’s range in the
Andes Mountains.
INTERESTING FACTS:
The male Andean Condor is one of the largest flying birds.
Andean Condors may kill some living prey, whereas the California
Condor never kills living prey.
The Andean Condor is the only New World vulture to show differences
between males and females. The male has a large comb and wattle that
is absent in the females
Slide 8:
Whale Whales breathe through blowholes, located on the top of
the head so the animal can remain submerged. The shapes of whales' spouts
when exhaling after a dive, when seen from the right angle. Whales have a
unique respiratory system that lets them stay underwater for long periods of
time without taking in oxygen. Some whales, such as the Sperm Whale, can
stay underwater for up to two hours holding a single breath. The Blue Whale
is the largest known mammal that has ever lived, and the largest living
animal, at up to 35 m (105ft) long and 150 tons. Whales generally live for
40-200 years, but it is rare to find one that lives over a century.
Slide 9:
An average American alligator's weight and length is 800 lbs.
and 13 feet long. The largest alligator ever recorded measured 19 feet 2
inches (5.8 meters) and was found on Marsh Island, Louisiana. Few of the
giant specimens were weighed, but the larger ones could have exceeded a ton
in weight. The Chinese Alligator is smaller, rarely exceeding 7 feet (2
meters) in length. An alligator's lifespan is usually estimated in the range
of 50 years or more. A specimen named Muja has resided in the Belgrade Zoo
in Serbia since 1937, making it at least 70 years old. And in Riga Zoo,
Latvia an alligator has been living since 1935. Alligator
Slide 11:
Frog The distribution of frogs ranges from tropic to
subarctic regions, but most species are found in tropical rainforests.
Consisting of more than 5,000 species described, they are among the most
diverse
The large mammals are the
tiger, leopard, lynx, leopard cat, wolf, badger, bear, marten, weasel, wild
boar, roe deer, and Amur goral. A few species such as the bat, shrew, striped
hamster, and muskrat are found only in North Korea. The tiger, lynx, two species
of deer, Manchurian weasel, and northern pika are found only in the plateau
regions of Mt. Paektusan in North Korea. Other wildlife species in South Korea
include 25 reptiles, 14 amphibians, and 130 freshwater fishes.
Seventeen species of
terrestrial mammals have been found on Chejudo Island. The wild boar, deer, and
wild cat are now extinct and today the land is inhabited by roe deer, weasel,
hamster, field mouse, house rat and two bat species. There are also 207 forms of
birds, and eight amphibians and reptilians on the island. Ullungdo Island is
devoid of endemic mammals. The island's known mammals consist of six species
(two species of bat, one shrew, and three house rats that are commensals of
man), all of which are found on the Korean mainland. There are no amphibians or
reptiles on the island except for frogs and snakes which have been introduced by
man. As for birds, 54 species have been recorded on the island.
Korea has designated
twenty-three species of wildlife as protected wildlife, and 20 birds, two
mammalians and several insect species as endangered species. There are 17
localities designated as breeding grounds (eight egretries and heronries),
passing or wintering grounds, or habitats for Tristram's woodpecker, fairy pitta,
and loon. Also designated as protected species are the domesticated silky fowl,
Californian grey whale, the endemic dog called Chindogae, and four fish species,
the Anguilla mormorata Quoy and Germard, Brachymystax lenox Pallas,
Gonoprokopterus mylodon Berg and Siniperca scherzeri Steindachner.
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